Posted by Chester Morton / Wednesday, 23 November 2016 / No comments
The problems of political parties in Africa
Definition of Political Parties
A Political Party can be described as a group of people with
the same aim and ideology whose main goal is to capture political power so that
they can implement the contents of their manifesto. A party could be either
classified as an elite party or can also be called a mass party.
PROBLEMS
It is a foreign concept in Africa
Traditionally, the political system in Africa was based on
the chieftaincy institutions. There was nothing like political parties in the
organization of governance before the coming of the colonialist. There was
nothing like open opposition to the chief or the official existence of an
opposition. It is for these reasons that some say party politics is foreign to
Africa.
Allows for the perpetuation of a party in power
Another problem of a political party is that it creates the
opportunity for a political tradition to stay in power for a very long time. This
may result through varies ways. A political may use the parliament to pass a
law turning the country into a one party state. However, a party may perform so
creditably well that the people might not see the need to change it.
Unnecessary Rivalry
In many countries where the winner of an election is given
the mandate to run the affairs of the country without the need to share power,
the parties in opposition go to all lengths to effect a change of government so
as to take over the reins of government. This jostling for power generates
unnecessary rivalry among the competing parties.
Exclusion of some people expertise
The rancor and acrimony that is associated with party
politics drives some caliber of people away from contributing their quota to
the development of their country. This happens because some otherwise very
experienced and qualified people would not find themselves in government or
parliament since they are not willing to go through rancor and acrimony
associated with party politics.
It divides the nation
Another disadvantage of political parties is that it divides
the citizens along party lines. Where the law permits, many parties can coexist
in one nation. The law also allows for citizens to belong to any party of their
choice. In an election year, active politics tends to sharply divide the people
and create feelings of uncertainty.
Breeds corruption
Party politics can breed corruption, nepotism and
favouritism. This is so because patronage is rewarded. People fund the party
with the expectation that when the party wins an election, they can profit by
being rewarded with juicy contracts.
SAMPLE QUESTIONS
1. a. Define a political party. [2 marks]
b. Highlight five
problems associated with political parties. [10 marks]
2. Highlight six reasons why countries refuse to adopt party
politics. [12 marks]
